The polaroid image lift, or polaroid emulsion lift, technique is the process of removing the very delicate membranous emulsion layer from a cured polaroid and transfering it to a receptor substratum. First a slide image is exposed onto polaroid film. Once the polaroid is cured it is then placed in warm water and slowly teased off using fingers. The membrane, which at this point is very delicate and very thin, is then afloat in the water and ready to be received by the receptor substratum, such as lycra or plexiglass. The emulsion membrane can be carefully stretched or manipulated into different shapes and textures or arranged into its original rectangular form.
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The polaroid image transfer technique is the process of transfering the developing emulsion to a receptor substratum, usually water color paper. First a slide image is exposed onto polaroid film. The development of the polaroid is interrupted and emulsion on the negative transfered to the receptor substratum. The dyes and emulsion from the polaroid are transfered from the negative to the receptor using heat and pressure and allowed to develop there. The negative is carefully removed and the receptor substratum with the image is then placed in a fixative and then rinsed. There are many variables in this process determining the outcome and consequently emulsion transfer images are very unique, original and hard to reproduce.
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Cross processing of film is the process of deliberately developing the film type in a chemistry intended for a different film type. Color negative film, or print film, is generally developed in a type of chemistry called C-41. Transparency film, or slide film, is generally developed in E-6 chemistry. Cross processing is the technique of developing color negative film in E-6 chemistry to produce a transparency and developing transparency film in C-41 chemistry to produce a color negative. The process produces shifts in color and generally increases contrast. The results can vary depending on where the film was developed but the results are invariably very interesting.
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Push processing of film is the process of developing film which has been shot at a higher speed than its rating. First the film is shot at a higher speed rating than it is designed for. Then processing of the film is then varied accordingly. Conversely, pull processing is the development of film that has been shot at a lower speed rating that it is designed for. Generally push processing of black and white film increases contrast and film grain size and the development process needs to be both chemically adjusted and time adjusted.